4-Title: Utilization of urea treated based rice straw: Effect of intake on performance, blood and rumen metabolites in sheep

Authors: MB Ngele, TA Adegbola, SES Bogoro and DJU Kalla

Source: Ruminant Science (2013)-2(1):19-26.

How to cite this manuscript: Ngele MB, Adegbola TA, Bogoro SES and Kalla DJU (2013). Utilization of urea treated based rice straw: Effect of intake on performance, blood and rumen metabolites in sheep. Ruminant Science 2(1):19-26.

Abstract

A trial was conducted to evaluate the performance, blood and rumen metabolites of sheep fed urea-treated rice straw with supplementation. Sixteen (16) growing Yankasa rams aged between 1.5- 2 years with an average weight of 17.5kg (between 16.25-19.26 kg) were used for the trial. The rams were divided into four (4) groups with four (4) animals per group. Each group was fed urea-treated rice straw as a basal diet. The supplements were maize bran (MB), MB+Sun-dried poultry litter (SDPL), MB+Ensiled poultry litter (EPL) and MB+Cotton seed cake (CSC). The basal diet was fed ad libitum while, 300g of respective   supplement was offered to each animal alongwith the basal diet. After a 21 days adjustment period, data was collected on feed intake, water intake and, weight gain. Blood and rumen liquor samples were collected to analyse for metabolites. The trial lasted for 20 weeks. This was followed by a digestibility study in which total faeces and urine samples were collected to determine nutrient digestibility. Two (2) rams per treatment were kept in individual metabolism crates. The study lasted for 10 days after a 14 days adjustment period.  Results showed significant (P<0.05) differences in dry matter intake (DMI), digestible crude protein intake (DCPI) and water intake per kg DMI (WI/kg DMI). Average daily gain (g/d) was significantly (P<0.05) different across dietary treatment with animals on MB+CSC supplement recording the highest value (106.21g/d). Nutrient digestibility was significant (P<0.05) for neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) across dietary treatments. Nitrogen retained was positive across diets with rams on MB+EPL and MB+CSC recording similar values; 10.83 and 10.96g/d, respectively. Rumen liquor pH showed an increase after feeding (between 6.67-6.84). Rumen ammonia nitrogen (RAN) and total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) were significant (P<0.05) across the diets. Packed cell volume (PCV) was not influenced by the diets. However, total blood protein (TBP) after feeding and, blood urea (BU) before feeding were significant (P<0.05) across dietary treatments. It was concluded from this study that urea-treated rice straw based diet can be efficiently utilized by sheep when supplemented with mixed supplements (protein and energy) instead of energy supplement alone.

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