11-Title: Antimicrobial resistance profiling of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from mastitic milk of bovine and dairy environment from arid and semi-arid regions of India

Authors: Taruna Bhati, Rajesh Chhabra, Rahul Yadav, Gaurav Charaya and Anil Kumar Kataria

Source: Ruminant Science (2021)-10(1):57-66.

How to cite this manuscript: Bhati Taruna, Chhabra Rajesh, Yadav Rahul, Charaya Gaurav and Kataria Anil Kumar (2021). Antimicrobial resistance profiling of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from mastitic milk of bovine and dairy environment from arid and semi-arid regions of India. Ruminant Science 10(1):57-66.

Abstract

The present study was conducted on 197 samples comprising of 80 mastitic milk samples, 66 udder swabs and 51 swabs of milkers’ hands and were subjected to bacterial isolation, identification and determination of antibiogram pattern against 32 antimicrobials. One hundred and seven Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) isolates were isolated and were further characterized as methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA)strains and for the presence of extended-spectrum of beta-lactamase (ESBL) activity. Isolates were molecularly identified as S. aureus by 23S rRNA gene-based ribotyping and nucgene amplification. Five antibiotics namely cefotaxime+clavulanic acid, imipenem, oxacillin, piperacillin+tazobactam, and vancomycin were found 100% effective against all the isolates followed by gentamicin (97.2%) and nitrofurantoin (96.3%). An overall higher resistance was shown towards penicillin (92.5%) and ampicillin (88.8%) but source-wise, mastitic milk isolates showed higher resistance towards ampicillin (90.2%) than penicillin (88.2%). There were 66 (61.7%) multi-drug resistant (MDR)isolates with MAR index ranging from 0.03 to 0.44. The majority of isolates from milkers’ hands (95.2%) were identified as MRSA by the MeReSa agar base method while the mecA gene was detected in 85.7%, 82.4% and 74.3% isolates from milker’s hands, udder and mastitic milk, respectively. Oxacillin E-strip method identified 21 (19.6%) MRSA isolates, all carrying the mecA gene. The detection of MDR strains and high prevalence of the mecA gene among S. aureus isolates is an alarming situation warranting careful monitoring of the resistance status of S. aureus in dairy environments as S. aureus transmission is dynamic and involves humans, animals as well as farm production environment.

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