32-Title: Physiological and haematological alterations in diarrhoeic cattle calves during different seasons
Authors: Prachi Dhaka, GS Gottam, Barkha Gupta, Smeer Meharania and Sushila Maida
Source: Ruminant Science (2023)-12(2):347-354.
Abstract
How to cite this manuscript: Dhaka Prachi, Gottam GS, Gupta Barkha, Meharania Smeer and Maida Sushila (2023). Physiological and haematological alterations in diarrhoeic cattle calves during different seasons. Ruminant Science 12(2):347-354.
Abstract
The current study was carried out on 90 diarrhoeic cattle calves (30 in each season) to find variations in the physiological and haematological parameters linked to diarrhoea in calves of cattle over the rainy, autumnal, and winter seasons. The physiological parameters viz., eye, muzzle and skin temperature, heart rate and respiration rate revealed significantly (P<0.05) higher in the rainy season compared to autumn and winter seasons while the rectal temperature was almost similar in all three seasons. Haematological profile of diarrhoeic calves such as white blood cell count, basophil and monocyte were higher in winter as compared to autumn and rainy season. While lymphocytes were significantly (P<0.05) high in the rainy season as compared to autumn and winter. However other haematological parameters revealed no significant difference among the rainy, autumn and winter seasons. It can be concluded that physiological and haematological parameters change in rainy, autumn and winter seasons in diarrheic calves and the season did not affect much on these biological parameters, indicating diarrhoea superimposing the effect of season.
References
Abed M ZE, Sulaiman YAM and Khalaf HY (2020). Evaluation of some biochemical and hematological parameters for changes associated with diarrhea in calves. Tikrit Journal of Pure Science 25(1):7-9.
Agrawal Himanshu, Tripathi Arvind Kumar, Srivastava Ashish, Sharma Ambika, Panigrahi PN, Jaiswal Manu and Dhuriya Shubhasini (2021). Evaluation of therapeutic potential of Dalbergia sissoo and Punica granatum on clinical cases of calf diarrhoea. Ruminant Science 10(2):367-374.
Almawly J, Prattley D, French NP, López-Villalobos N, Hedgespeth B and Grinberg A (2013). Utility of halofuginone lactate for the prevention of natural cryptosporidiosis of calves, in the presence of co-infection with rotavirus and Salmonella typhimurium. Veterinary Parasitology 197:59-67.
Alsaad KM, Al-Obaidi QT and Hassan SD (2012). Clinical, haematological and coagulation studies of bovine viral diarrhoea in local Iraqi calves. Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1):44-50.
Asati, CK, Roy S and Roy M (2008). Hemato-biochemical study and diagnosis of colibacilosis in calves. Intas Polivet 9(2):245-248.
Bandyopadhyay S, Sasmal D, Ghosh MK, D Borah, BINOD, Bora M and Biswas TK (2008). Collibacillosis in newborn yak calves and antibiogram profile of rectal flora isolated from the same. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 78(10):1101.
Bhan C, Singh SV, Hooda OK, Upadhyay RC, Beenam MV and Mangesh V (2012). Influence of temperature variability on physiological, hematological and biochemical profile of growing and adult sahiwal cattle. Journal of Environmental Research 7(2A):986-994.
Brahmbhatt NN, Kumar B, Thakre BK, Parmar V, Choravada DR and Patel JA (2019). Clinico-hematological study of theileriosis in Gir and Jaffrabadi calves. Indian Journal of Veterinary Sciences and Biotechnology 14(4):36-39.
Chae JB, Park J and Jung SH (2019). Acute phase response in bovine coronavirus positive post-weaned calves with diarrhea. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 61: 36.
Cho YI, Han JI, Wang C, Cooper V, Schwartz K, Engelken T and Yoon KJ (2013). Case-control study of microbiological etiology associated with calf diarrhea. Veterinary Microbiology 166(3-4):375-385.
Cho YI and Yoon KJ (2014). An overview of calf diarrhoea infectious etiology, diagnosis, and intervention. Journal of Veterinary Science 15:1-17.
Choudhury Swati, Acharya AP, Maity A and Das D (2015). Haemato-biochemical alterations in theileria infected postpartum dairy cows. Indian Veterinary Journal 92(9):26-29.
Constable PD, Hinchcliff KW, Done S, Stanley H and Grünberg W (2016). Veterinary Medicine. 11th Edn. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Dadawala AI, Chandel BS, Chauhan HC and Bhagat AG (2013). Molecular detection of bovine rotavirus from north Gujarat, India. Ruminant Science 2(2):131-137.
El-Sheikh AKR, Morsy HMS, Abbas THA and Abdelrazik WM (2012). Clinical and laboratory examinations of diarrhea and dehydration in newborn Friesian calves with special reference to therapy with hypertonic and isotonic solution. Life Sciences 9(4):181-184.
El-Tahawy Abdelgawad Salah and Mostafa Ibrahim Ahmed (2015). Prevalence, risk factors and cross sectional epidemiology for some selected diseases and syndromes affecting Rahmani sheep with particular spotlight on their economic consequences. Ruminant Science 4(2):159-165.
Fernandes CE, Roy K, Shukla PC and Rao MLV (2009). Changes in the haematological profile in calf diarrhoea in response to therapy. Intas Polivet 10(2):214-215.
Gudev D, Popova-Ralcheva S, Moneva P, Aleksiev Y, Peeva T, Ilieva Y and Penchev P (2007). Effect of heat-stress on some physiological and biochemical parameters in buffaloes. Italian Journal of Animal Science 6(2):1325-1328.
Gultekin M, Voyvoda H, Ural K, Erdogan H, Balikci C and Gultekin G (2019). Plasma citrulline, arginine, nitric oxide, and blood ammonia levels in neonatal calves with acute diarrhoea. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 33:987-99.
Jayalakshmi K, Sasikala M, Dhivya B, Yogeshpriya S, Veeraselvam M, Krishnakumar S and Selvaraj P (2018). Winter coccidiosis in a buffalo calf. Indian Veterinary Journal 95(1):75-76.
Kapadiya DK, Joshi DV, Shah NM and Panchasara HH (2012a). Serotyping and in vitro drug sensitivity of Escherichia Coli isolated from neonatal buffalo calves with diarrhoea. Ruminant Science 1(2):141-143.
Kapadiya DK, Joshi DV, Chaudhary SS, Shah NM, Panchasara HH and Patel BJ (2012b). Diagnosis of rotavirus infection in neonatal calves by ribose nucleic acid polyacrylamide electrophoresis (RNA-PAGE) and double antibody sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA). Ruminant Science 1(1):15-18.
Kataria N and Kataria AK (2012). Evaluation of health status by serum metabolic profiling in Rathi cows with some disorders. Ruminant Science 1(2):131-135.
Koubkova M, Knizkova L, Kunc P, Hartlova H, Flusser J and Dolezal O (2002). Influence of high environmental temperatures and evaporative cooling on some physiological, hematological and biochemical parameters in high-yielding dairy cows. Czech Journal of Animal Science 47(8):309-318.
Kumar B, Shekhar P and Kumar N (2010). A clinical study on neonatal calf diarrhoea. Intas Polivet 11(2):233-235.
Kumar S and Jakhar KK (2020). Haematological, biochemical and oxidative stress parameters as prognostic indicators in calf diarrhoea. Pharma Innovation Journal 9(1):10-13.
Leal MLDR, Cyrillo FC, Mori CS, Michima LEDS, Nichi M, Ortolani EL and Benesi FJ (2008). Model for osmotic diarrhea in Holstein calves. Cienc Rural 38(6): 1650-1657.
Lowe GL, Sutherland MA, Waas JR, Schaefer AL, Cox NR and Stewart M (2019). Physiological and behavioral responses as indicators for early disease detection in dairy calves. Journal of Dairy Science 102(6): 5389-5402.
Maharishi T (2019). Therapeutic study of Aegle marmelos in calf diarrhoea. MVSc Thesis submitted to RAJUVAS, Bikaner (Rajasthan).
Malaviya Sanjay G, Kalyani IH, Sharma KK, Sakhare PS and Patel DR (2017). Prevalence of toxigenic Escherichia coli (E.Coli) and rotavirus among neonatal calves in south Gurarat region (India) using classical and PCR based methods. Ruminant Science 6(1):139-144.
Malik S, Kumar A, Verma AK, Gupta MK, Sharma SD, Sharma AK and Rahal A (2013). Haematological profile and blood chemistry in diarrhoeic calves affected with colibacillosis. Journal of Animal Health and Production 1(1):10-14.
Marcato F, Van den Brand H, Kemp B and Van Reenen K (2018). Evaluating potential biomarkers of health and performance in veal calves. Frontiers in Veterinary Science 5: 133.
Mathew X, Janus A, Deepa PM, Bipin KC, Habeeb BP and CP AA (2020). Haemato-biochemical alterations in colibacillosis-affected calves in Wayanad, Kerala. Pharma Innovation Journal SP 9(8):64-66.
Mir N, Shukla PC, Baghel RPS, Pooja D and Saroori AR (2010). Haemato-biochemical profile of diarrhoeic calves. Veterinary Practitioner 11(1):66-68.
Nayak TC, Singh AP, Savita JP, Gupta SR and Yadav R (2019). A study on alteration in clinico-haematological parameters in colibacillosis-affected diarrhoeic cattle calves. International Journal of Chemical Studies 7(5):1559-1562.
Nayak TC, Singh AP, Savita, Yadav R, Gupta SR and Kachhawa JP (2019). Studies on prevalence and risk factors associated with colibacillosis in cattle calves in Bikaner. Ruminant Science 8(1):89-92.
Pachaury Ruchi and Kataria AK (2012). Serogrouping and colicin-related properties of Escherichia coli isolated from neonate diarrhoeic ruminants. Ruminant Science 1(1):9-13.
Radostits OM, Blood DC and Gay CG (1994). Veterinary Medicine. 8th Edn. Bailliere Tindal, London 473-486.
Sailo L, Gupta I D, Das R and Chaudhari M V (2017). Physiological response to thermal stress in Sahiwal and Karan Fries cows. International Journal of Livestock Research 7(5):275-283.
Samad MA, Islam MA, Hossain KA, Islam MT and Saha S (2003). Haemato-biochemical Changes and Antibiotic Sensitivity to Escherichia coli Associated with Concurrent Enteric and Septicaemic Infection in Calves. Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine 1(1):39-43.
Sangwan N and Sangwan AK (2007). Changes in blood and tissue copper levels due to Theileriaannulata infection in crossbred calves. Indian Journal of Animal Research 41(4): 278-281.
Schelcher F (2008). Digestive system diseases. In: Cattle Diseases. 4th Edn, France Agricole, Paris, pp 182-193.
Schroeder ME, Bounpheng MA, Rodgers S, Baker RJ, Black W and Naikare H (2012). Development and performance evaluation of calf diarrhea pathogen nucleic acid purification and detection workflow. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 24:945-953.
Sharma SK (2013). Epidemiological, clinical and haemato-biochemical characterization of calf diarrhoea and evaluation of therapeutic regimens. PhD Thesis submitted to RAJUVAS Bikaner.
Sharma SK, Joshi Monika and Tanwar RK (2017). Evaluation of various therapeutic regimens for the treatment of calf diarrhoea. Ruminant Science 6(2):383-388.
Shekhar S, Ranjan R, Singh CV and Kumar P (2017). Prevalence, clinicohaemato-biochemical alterations in colibacillosis in neonatal calves. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 6:3192-3198.
Singh SV, Hooda OK, Narwade B, Baliyan B and Upadhyay RC (2014a). Effect of cooling system on feed and water intake, body weight gain and physiological responses of Murrah buffaloes during summer conditions. Indian Journal of Dairy Science 67(5):426-431.
Singh M, Gupta VK, Mondal DB, Bansal SK, Sharma DK, Shakya M and Gopinath D (2014b). A study on alteration in haemato-biochemical parameters in colibacillosis affected calves. International Journal of Advanced Research 2(7):746-750.
Tikoo A, Soodan JS, Singh G and Singh I (2017). Effect of various therapeutic regimens on the treatment of calf diarrhea and their effect on various clinico, hematobiochemical parameters. International Journal of Livestock Research 7:174-183.
Torche S, Boussena S, Beroual K, Guidoum BM, Kerrour M and Moula N (2020). Physiopathology of diarrhea in young calves: Clinical signs and metabolic disturbances. Journal of New Sciences 76:4443-4451.
Torsein M, Lindberg A, Sandgren CH, Waller KP, Törnquist M and Svensson C (2011). Risk factors for calf mortality in large Swedish dairy herds. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 99(2-4):136-147.
Walker PG, Constable PD, Morin DE, Drackley JK, Foreman JH and Thurmon JC (1998). A reliable, practical, and economical protocol for inducing diarrhea and severe dehydration in the neonatal calf. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research 62(3):205.