9-Title: Thiamethoxam: Cytotoxic and genotoxic evaluation in madin-darby bovine kidney cell line

Authors: Shraya Thakur, Rajdeep Kaur, MK Lonare, Dipak Deka and SPS Saini

Source: Ruminant Science (2021)-10(2):285-291.

How to cite this manuscript: Shraya Thakur, Rajdeep Kaur, MK Lonare, Dipak Deka and SPS Saini (2021). Thiamethoxam: Cytotoxic and genotoxic evaluation in madin-darby bovine kidney cell line. Ruminant Science 10(2):285-291.

Abstract

The investigation was undertaken to assess the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity induced by neonicotinoid pesticide, thiamethoxam, in Madin-darby bovine kidney cell line. MDBK cells exposed to thiamethoxam for 24 h in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium, expressed an IC50 of 615.3 µM. Thereafter, different aliquots of cells were exposed to three different concentrations of thiamethoxam viz. IC25, IC12.5 and IC6.25 (307.7, 153.8 and 76.9 µM, respectively) for 24, 48 and 72 hrs; 0.1% dimethyl sulfoxide was used as a negative control and cyclophosphamide (3.63 µg/ml) served as the positive control. Thiamethoxam treatment exhibited an eminent increase in damage to the cells in a dose and time-dependent manner, with alterations in cell morphology indicating apoptotic and necrotic changes. Varying degrees of morphological changes along with a decrease in head DNA% and increase in tail length and tail DNA% in comet assay were indicative of potential cytotoxic and genotoxic insult by thiamethoxam. Further, a concentration and duration-dependent increase in the extent of lipid peroxidation and a decrease in various antioxidant enzymes like SOD, CAT and GPx peroxidase was also observed. These results indicate that thiamethoxam induces the process of apoptosis and cell death through the generation of reactive oxygen species and decrease in the activity of antioxidant defense in MDBK cells, which is responsible for its marked cyto and genotoxicity.

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